REVIEW PAPER
Hepatological aspects of Epstein-Barr virus infection in children
1
The Tadeusz Browicz Provincial Hospital for Infectious Diseases and Observation, Bydgoszcz, Poland
2
Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
Submission date: 2019-09-06
Final revision date: 2019-10-22
Acceptance date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2019-11-19
Pediatr Pol 2019;94(5):319-322
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), belonging to the Herpesviridae family, is widespread in the world today. The most typical features of infectious mononucleosis include a triad of symptoms in the form of fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, and pharyngitis. Primary infection in the youngest children is usually asymptomatic and self-limiting. Hepatitis affects a significant proportion of patients and is usually a mild and self-limiting condition. Cholangitis is less common in the paediatric population and requires only symptomatic treatment in most cases. In contrast, in patients with immunodeficiency, EBV infection may be the cause of acute multiple organ failure and death. EBV infection plays an important and multifaceted role in the liver and biliary tract pathology due to its widespread distribution in the paediatric population.
REFERENCES (27)
1.
Colombini E, Guzzo I, Morolli F, at al. Viral load of EBV DNAemia is a predictor of EBV-related post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Pediatr Nephrol 2017; 32: 1433-1442.
2.
Arya S, Saini A, El-Baba M, at al. Epstein-Barr virus-associated acute acalculous cholecystitis: a rare occurrence but favorable outcome. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2010; 49: 799-804.
4.
Styczyński J, Gil L, Kyrcz-Krzemień S, et al. Strategy of management in Epstein-Barr virus infections in hematology, oncology and transplantology. Guidelines of Polish Federation of Bone Marrow Transplant Centers. Acta Haematologica Polonica 2012; 43: 48-53.
5.
Attilakos A., Prassouli A, Hadjigeorgiou G, et al. Acute acalculous cholecystitis in children with Epstein-Barr virus infection: a role for Gilbert’s syndrome? Int J Infect Dis 2009; 13: 161-164.
6.
Shkalim-Zemer V, Shahar-Nissan K, Ashkenazi-Hoffung L, at al. Cholestatic Hepatitis Induced by Epstein-Barr Virus in a Pediatric Population. Clin Pediatr 2015; 54: 1153-1157.
7.
Negro F. The paradox of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hepatitis. J Hepat 2006; 44: 839-841.
8.
Kang SJ, Yoon KH, Hwang JB. Epstein-Barr virus infection with acute pancreatits associated with cholestatic hepatitis. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2013; 16: 61-64.
9.
Kottanattu L, Lava S, Helbing R, et al. Pancreatitis and cholecystitis in primary acute symptomatic Epstein-Barr virus infection – Systematic review of literature. J Clin Virol 2016; 82: 51-55.
10.
Kobayashi HA, Hong KW, Lee JS, at al. A case of acute cholecystitis without cholestiasis caused by Epstein-Barr virus in a healthy young woman. Int J Infect Dis 2016; 90: 330-335.
11.
Kofteridis D, Koulentaki, Valachis A, at al. Epstein-Barr Virus hepatitis. Eur J Intern Med 2011; 22: 73-76.
12.
Kimura H, Nagasaka T, Hoshino Y, at al. Severe hepatitis caused by Epstein-Barr virus without infection of hepatocyte. Hum Pathol 2001; 32: 757-762.
13.
Crum N. Epstein-Barr Virus Hepatitis: Case Series and Review. South Med J 2006; 99: 544-547.
14.
Yang SI, Geong JH, Kim JY. Clinical characteristics of Primary Epstein-Barr Virus Hepatitis with elevation of Alkaline Phosphatase and g-Glutamylotransferase in Children. Yonsei Med J 2014; 55: 107-112.
15.
Gugig R, Rosenthal P. Fulminant hepatic failure in children. Therapy 2008; 5: 451-463.
16.
Feranchak A, Tyson R, Narkewicz M, et al. Fulminant Epstein-Barr Viral hepatitis: Orthotopic Liver Transplantation and review of the Literature. Liver Transpl Surg 1998; 4: 469-476.
17.
Chapman J, Arnold J. Reye Syndrome. StatPearls [Internet] Last Update: January 17, 2019; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/b....
18.
Holmes R, Sokol R. Epstein-Barr virus and post-transplant lymphoproliferative Disease. Pediatr Transplant 2002: 6: 456-464.
19.
Nakazawa A, Nakano N, Fukuda A, et al. Use of serial assessment of disease severity and liver biopsy for indication for liver transplantation in pediatric Epstein-Barr virus induced fulminant hepatic failure. Liver Transpl 2015; 21: 362-368.
20.
Kimura H, Cohen J. Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease. Front Immunol 2017; 8: 1867.
21.
Zellos A, Spoulou V, Roma-Giannikou E, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis type-2 and Epstein-Barr virus infection in a toddler: art of facts or an artifact? Ann Hepatol 2013; 12: 147-151.
22.
Nobili V, Comparcola D, Sartorelli M, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis type I after Epstein-Barr virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003; 22: 387.
23.
Alkhoury F, Diaz D, Hidalgob J. Acute acalculous cholecystitis in the pediatric population associated with Epstein-Barr Virus Infection. Case report review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2015; 11: 50-52.
24.
Poddighe D, Sazonov V. Acute acalculous cholecystitis in children. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24: 4870-4879.
25.
Imamoğlu M, Sarihan H, Sari A, Ahmetoğlu. Acute acalculous cholecystitis in children. Diagnosis and treatment. J Pediatr Surg 2002; 37: 36-39.
26.
Guala A, Campra D, Marinelli I, et al. Are Gilbert’s syndrome and liver involvement genetically linked in infectious mononucleosis? Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003; 22: 1110-1111.
27.
Wu WJ, Huang DT. Primary Epstein-Barr virus associated acute acalculous cholecystitis and Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. Tzu Chi Med J 2013; 25: 51-54.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
