REVIEW PAPER
Approach to a child with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome associated with COVID19. Recommendations by the Polish Paediatric Society Expert Group. Update – February 2021
1
Department of Pediatrics with Clinical Decisions Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
2
Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
3
Department of Pediatrics, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
4
Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
5
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
6
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
7
Department of Preventive Health, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznan, Poland
Submission date: 2021-03-09
Acceptance date: 2021-03-13
Publication date: 2021-07-01
Pediatr Pol 2021;96(2):121-128
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a new clinical entity occurring in children and young adults, which is associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The first cases of MIS-C were diagnosed in Poland in May 2020. Since October 2020, a significant increase in the incidence of this new disease has been observed in Poland, reflecting the increased incidence of COVID-19 in the paediatric population. MIS-C develops as a result of dysregulation of the immune system occurring 4 weeks after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diagnosis is based on the following criteria: a set of clinical features (including fever and signs of multiple organ damage) and elevated inflammatory markers, with exclusion of other causes. The most common complications involve the cardiovascular system: acute myocardial damage with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, shock, and coronary artery abnormalities and arrhythmias. Mortality in Western Europe and the United States is around 1-2%. Appropriate management, including vital function support and immunomodulatory treatment, allows for a quick recovery in the vast majority of patients. This document is an updated guideline for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of children with suspected MIS-C in Poland. The most important changes concern treatment, steroid therapy, and antiplatelet therapy in particular.
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